Thursday, August 27, 2020

Reaction Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Response Paper - Essay Example is sensible to think about finding a goals to decide a solitary normal level with which to learn usefulness in the class of discourse, heterogeneity in itself is as yet a crucial trademark. At one perspective, it feels basic to address the multifaceted nature of expressions in the light of balancing out the circle of correspondence with points of interest that are proposed to take out the developing unique heterogeneous property in discourse classes. Nonetheless, glancing through the events that shape language all the time as indicated by differing human encounters, we should acknowledge being in a general circumstance of nature wherein the ordinary effect of human exercises that come in assortment continues to hold up under outcomes of heterogeneity upon language. In this way, how one type of articulation develops another one can't be kept away from its irreversible course since collaborations with the utilization of language have bit by bit adjusted to new exceptional elements that normally assign heterogeneous impact and a feeling of vagueness in discourse. Rather than being limited with expressions of explicit kinds, I guess that we may see generally speaking discourse sorts similarly as we accomplish for the field of abstract types where similitudes and contrasts among artistic works fabricate the way to breaking down subjects and ideas. In the event that we demand trying to be legitimized in settling discourse types by endeavoring to set rules that serve help from homogeneity and simply recognize discourse classes under a very much determined collection of information, we are probably going to resist adaptable taking in and keep ourselves from the elective prospects of development in discourse

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Critically discuss the centrality of anthropology to colonial Essay

Basically examine the centrality of human studies to pilgrim control of africa through the perspective of a positivists and settler way to deal with mastery, as opposed to a basic and argumentative - Essay Example Dominion and imperialism have been utilized conversely in characterizing the connection among Africa and Britain. Brtisch Empire involved numerous regions in Africa (Erickson and Murphy, 2008). European Colonial principle in Africa ranges from the late 1800s up till the Second World War. Since the appearance of the Europeans in Africa, human sciences has to a great extent been seen from the point of view of the untouchables and the view that the pioneer power was anticipating over. Subsequently, human sciences in Africa couldn't thrive to its total. Truth be told, human studies in Africa incredibly endured because of the control of the majestic forces. At the point when human studies of various societies was begun being concentrated in the late 1800s, Africa’s commitment to the financial framework was not thought of and along these lines it remained to a great extent immaculate by anthropologists for a significant stretch of time. There were no anthropological examines led in Africa up till the Second World War. At the point when anthropologists began leading social examinations in Africa, there strategies were to a great extent censured at not being solid and exhaustive enough. Along these lines, human studies in Africa couldn't get its due portion of research. The improvement of human studies in Africa during the Colonial principle was likewise subverted because of the picture anticipated by the colonizers abroad. European contact was taken as a portrayal of Africa (Wehrs, 2008). Kid erotic entertainment and the exposure of the very desperate financial conditions the African people group was beset with, similar to neediness, absence of foundation and so on adversy affected anthropological examinations. Another explanation that affected the advancement of human studies in Africa is because of the projection by the Europeans about the lack of education and brutality of the Africans. Post-frontier restoration of humanities thus gets troublesome. This is incompletely on the grounds that Africa despite everything stays lacking and can not expose the slandered

Friday, August 21, 2020

Download Lady Gagas Born This Way For $0.99 On Amazon

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Monday, May 25, 2020

What You Should Know About Travel Writing

Travel writing is a form of creative nonfiction in which the narrators encounters with foreign places serve as the dominant subject. Also called  travel literature. All travel writing—because it is writing—is made in the sense of being constructed, says Peter Hulme, but travel writing cannot be made up without losing its designation (quoted by  Tim Youngs in  The Cambridge Introduction to Travel Writing, 2013). Notable contemporary travel writers in English include  Paul Theroux, Susan Orlean, Bill Bryson,  Pico Iyer,  Rory MacLean,  Mary Morris, Dennison Berwick,  Jan Morris, Tony Horwitz,  Jeffrey Tayler, and Tom Miller, among countless others. Examples of Travel Writing By the Railway Side by Alice MeynellLists and Anaphora in Bill Brysons Neither Here Nor ThereLists in William Least Heat-Moons Place DescriptionLondon From a Distance by Ford Madox FordNiagara Falls by Rupert BrookeNights in London by Thomas BurkeOf Trave, by Francis BaconOf Travel by Owen FellthamRochester by Nathaniel Hawthorne Examples and Observations The best writers in the field [of travel writing] bring to it an indefatigable curiosity, a fierce intelligence that enables them to interpret, and a generous heart that allows them to connect. Without resorting to invention, they make ample use of their imaginations. . . .The travel book itself has a similar grab bag quality. It incorporates the characters and plot line of a novel, the descriptive power of poetry, the substance of a history lesson, the discursiveness of an essay, and the—often inadvertent—self-revelation of a memoir. It revels in the particular while occasionally illuminating the universal. It colors and shapes and fills in gaps. Because it results from displacement, it is frequently funny. It takes readers for a spin (and shows them, usually, how lucky they are). It humanizes the alien. More often than not it celebrates the unsung. It uncovers truths that are stranger than fiction. It gives eyewitness proof of life’s infinite possibilities.(Tho mas Swick, Not a Tourist. The Wilson Quarterly, Winter 2010)Narrators and NarrativesThere exists at the center of travel books like [Graham] Greenes Journey Without Maps or [V.S.] Naipauls An Area of Darkness a mediating consciousness that monitors the journey, judges, thinks, confesses, changes, and even grows. This narrator, so central to what we have come to expect in modern travel writing, is a relatively new ingredient in travel literature, but it is one that irrevocably changed the genre. . . .Freed from strictly chronological, fact-driven narratives, nearly all contemporary travel writers include their own dreams and memories of childhood as well as chunks of historical data and synopses of other travel books. Self reflexivity and instability, both as theme and style, offer the writer a way to show the effects of his or her own presence in a foreign country and to expose the arbitrariness of truth and the absence of norms.(Casey Blanton, Travel Writing: The Self and the World . Routledge, 2002)V.S. Naipaul on Making InquiriesMy books have to be called travel writing, but that can be misleading because in the old days travel writing was essentially done by men describing the routes they were taking. . . . What I do is quite different. I travel on a theme. I travel to make an inquiry. I am not a journalist. I am taking with me the gifts of sympathy, observation, and curiosity that I developed as an imaginative writer. The books I write now, these inquiries, are really constructed narratives.(V.S. Naipaul, interview with Ahmed Rashid, Death of the Novel. The Observer, Feb. 25, 1996)Paul Theroux on the Travelers Mood- Most travel narratives—perhaps all of them, the classics anyway—describe the miseries and splendors of going from one remote place to another. The quest, the getting there, the difficulty of the road is the story; the journey, not the arrival, matters, and most of the time the traveler—the traveler’s mood, especially —is the subject of the whole business. I have made a career out of this sort of slogging and self-portraiture, travel writing as diffused autobiography; and so have many others in the old, laborious look-at-me way that informs travel writing.(Paul Theroux, The Soul of the South. Smithsonian Magazine, July-August 2014)-  Most visitors to coastal Maine know it in the summer. In the nature of visitation, people show up in the season. The snow and ice are a bleak memory now on the long warm days of early summer, but it seems to me that to understand a place best, the visitor needs to see figures in a landscape in all seasons. Maine is a joy in the summer. But the soul of Maine is more apparent in the winter. You see that the population is actually quite small, the roads are empty, some of the restaurants are closed, the houses of the summer people are dark, their driveways unplowed. But Maine out of season is unmistakably a great destination: hospitable, good-humored, plenty of elbow room, short days, dark nights of crackling ice crystals.Winter is a season of recovery and preparation. Boats are repaired, traps fixed, nets mended. â€Å"I need the winter to rest my body,† my friend the lobsterman told me, speaking of how he suspended his lobstering in December and did not resume until April. . . .(Paul Theroux, The Wicked Coast. The Atlantic, June 2011)Susan Orlean on the Journey- To be honest, I view all stories as journeys. Journeys are the essential text of the human experience—the journey from birth to death, from innocence to wisdom, from ignorance to knowledge, from where we start to where we end. There is almost no piece of important writing—the Bible, the Odyssey, Chaucer, Ulysses—that isnt explicitly or implicitly the story of a journey. Even when I dont actually go anywhere for a particular story, the way I report is to immerse myself in something I usually know very little about, and what I experience is the journey toward a grasp of what Ive seen.(Susan Orlean, Introduction to My Kind of Place: Travel Stories from a Woman Whos Been Everywhere. Random House, 2004)- When I went to Scotland for a friends wedding last summer, I didnt plan on firing a gun. Getting into a fistfight, maybe; hurling insults about badly dressed bridesmaids, of course; but I didnt expect to shoot or get shot at. The wedding was taking place in a medieval castle in a speck of a village called Biggar. There was not a lot to do in Biggar, but the caretaker of the castle had skeet-shooting gear, and the male guests announced that before the rehearsal dinner they were going to give it a go. The women were advised to knit or shop or something. I dont know if any of us women actually wanted to join them, but we didnt want to be left out, so we insisted on coming along. . . .(Susan Orlean, opening paragraph of Shooting Party. The New Yorker, September 29, 1999)Jonathan Raban on the Open House- As a literary form, travel writing is a notoriously raffish open house where different genres are likely to end up in the bed. It accommodates the private diary, the essay, the short story, the prose poem, the rough note and polished table talk with indiscriminate hospitality. It freely mixes narrative and discursive writing.(Jonathan Raban, For Love Money: Writing - Reading - Travelling 1968-1987. Picador, 1988)- Travel in its purest form requires no certain destination, no fixed itinerary, no advance reservation and no return ticket, for you are trying to launch yourself onto the haphazard drift of things, and put yourself in the way of whatever changes the journey may throw up. Its when you miss the one flight of the week, when the expected friend fails to show, when the pre-booked hotel reveals itself as a collection of steel joists stuck into a ravaged hillside, when a stranger asks you to share the cost of a hired car to a town whose name youve never heard, that you begin to travel in earnest.(Jonathan Raban, Why Travel? Driving Home: An American Journey. Pantheon, 2011)The Joy of Travel WritingSome travel writers can become serious to the point of lapsing into good ol American puritanism. . . . What nonsense! I have traveled much in Concord. Good travel writing can be as much about having a good time as about eating grubs and chasing drug lords. . . . [T]ravel is for learning, for fun, for escape, for personal quests, for challenge, for exploration, for opening the imagination to other lives and languages.(Frances Mayes, Introduction to The Best American Travel Writing 2002. Houghton, 2002)

Thursday, May 14, 2020

New Political And Military Structures - 1036 Words

Early humans began to form small groups that created a simple culture for survival; however, as human cultures grew, civilizations formed. A civilization is an intricate culture where large numbers of people contribute a variety of traditional components. Historians came up with seven basic characteristics of civilization. The seven are as follows: an urban focus, new political and military structures, a new social structure based on economic power, the development of more complexity in a material sense, a distinct religious structure, the development of writing, and new significant artistic and intellectual activity (Pg.8). Urban focus was when cities became the centers for political, economic, social, cultural, and religious development (Pg.8). The first creators of a Mesopotamian civilization where the Sumerians. By 3000 B.C.E, they had created a large amount of independent cities in southern Mesopotamia. Once the cities began to expand, they began to use political and economic co ntrol over the nearby country sides (pg.10-11). New political and military structures organized government bureaucracy to meet the administrative commands of the rising population. Armies where also being made to gain land and power for defense. In Sumerian society, kings had power. The kinds where the ones to organize the armies workers. The army, government bureaucracy, and the priest and priestesses all aided the kings in their rule (pg.11). Another characteristic of the civilizationShow MoreRelatedEast Asia Essay792 Words   |  4 Pagesto form their own national identity along with their own system of ruling elites. In China there is a definite beginning to the new political elite which stems from the transition from the Tang to Song dynasties culminating in 960. The Zhao Brothers, who are the leaders of the revolution and the only ones able to consolidate power, know that they are only military strong men and realize that they need a system that will help prevent them from loosing power. As a result they look away from theRead MoreStony Brook 386774 Words   |  4 Pagesthe rise and fall of dynasties in the Middle East according to Ibn Khaldun?- According to Ibn Khaldun the rise and fall of the dynasties in the middle east can be directly correlated to the different social structures that tribes would embrace. Which will lead to a better military structure. Compare and contrast the organization of the Arabian tribes with that of the Turko-mongolian tribes of inner asia? The Arabian and turk0- monoglian had some similarities but they also had many differencesRead MoreChanges and Continuity in Western Europe Essay769 Words   |  4 PagesAge of Discovery. As a result of contact and colonization, Western Europe’s economy, political, social, and military systems changed, but also maintained certain aspects that enabled them to build strong civilizations. Such changes include increased (international) trade routes, more centralized governments such as monarchies, decreased unifying influence of the Catholic Church, and increased interest in military conquest and expansion. In terms of the economy, industrialization and manufacturingRead MoreHow Do Political, Economic and Social Realities of a Society Shape Its Perceptions and Ability to Make War?1105 Words   |  5 PagesPolitical Economic and Social Realities of 17th Century France Political, economic and social realities of a society can significantly shape its perceptions and ability to make war. At his death, King Louis XIV’s final words were, â€Å"I have loved war too much.† In this reflection, King Louis XIV no doubt considered his many conquests as the longest reigning monarch in France, but more importantly, his words gives rise to the systemic political and social changes that revolutionized warfare in seventeenth-centuryRead MoreInfluence of Colonialism in Africa and Latin America Essay519 Words   |  3 PagesInfluence of Colonialism in Africa and Latin America The institutions of imperialism and colonialism have shaped the face of growth and development of the social, political, and economic forces in Africa. As outlined by Boahen, the extent of the â€Å"influence† that these institutions asserted varies and has both positive and negative aspects. Several of these aspects that exists in Africa are mirrored in Latin America, while others differ quite extremely. An important observation that can beRead MoreCompare and Contrast Ancient India and Egypt Combined Politics and Religion628 Words   |  3 Pagesancient Indian and Egyptian civilizations it was very strong shaping force in political structures, but both the religious beliefs and the resulting political system were different, just like pharaohs were different from rajas. The way Egyptians and Indians blended religion with politics bears certain similarities. First of all, the central role of priests, who were the Egyptians pharaohs most important advisors during the New Kingdom and at one point gained more power than the pharaoh himself. In theRead MoreThe Military Tactics And Organized Governance Ensured The Success Of The Mongol Empire1651 Words   |  7 PagesThe effective combination of brutal military tactics and organized governance ensured the success of the Mongol Empire. This was possible due to the skills gained under their pastoral nomadic political structure. Their success was further fuelled by their motivation for world domination stemming from their worldview and values. Their ruthless military practices were efficient in conquering Eurasia, and the political changes made to these nations ensured continual rule. The rapid usurpation of territoryRead MoreBiography of and Principles Taught By Niccolo Machiavelli Essay1047 Words   |  5 PagesFollowing his career as an official in the Florentine Republic, Machiavelli was a founder of modern political science and political ethics. In the political treatise The Prince, written in 1532, Machiavelli outlines several key traits of a successful princedom such as; how to incorporate newly acquired provinces, the most successful way to conquer territories, the establishment of successful defense and military forces, as well as qualities which would make for the most desirable prince. Machiavelli alsoRead MoreGlobal Security : The United Nations And Nato Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pagesnatural resources etc., however Global Security has different structure and departments which deal with these problems. So Global Security includes not only military interventions but also diplomatic, political and natural measures, and has its own international organizations such as the United Nations and NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization). The first has a wider scope in dealing wit h problems, otherwise NATO deals mostly as a military measure, to intervene where it is necessary and maintain theRead MoreRole Of The Military During Medieval Europe1229 Words   |  5 Pages The Role of the Military in Medieval Europe Research Essay In my research essay, I will write about the role of the military in medieval Europe and will outline what the military were like and how they were established and organized. I will show how the military were connected to the government structure. I will also write about the technological and strategic advances that the military made during the medieval ages and how those had an impact on the role of the military today. In medieval

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

My Sociological Imagination Started Influencing Me A Lot

The term â€Å"Sociological Imagination† can be defined in various contexts and in different ways depending on the situation and surroundings. According to most researchers, the definition of the term varies from case to case. Due to different scenarios and observations, most researchers have failed to apply a single definition of the term. However, after studying a number of cases, there is a general definition that we can associate to this term, i.e. the interaction of one’s mind and its experiences. I, being an African-American, got the crucial grievance to be inspired by the relationship of the police and the Ferguson community on the tragedy to highlight the significance of the race. My sociological imagination started influencing me a lot. You are never sure of when and for what people get offended. What is right in my part of living today may be completely unacceptable in some other place. By shifting your social environment you are forced to rethink your path and doubt yourself. You cannot take things for granted. Other than this, systematic racism has been emerging in American society in every field. All the democrats as well as republicans have different views regarding tragic incident, happened on 9th August, 2014 in Ferguson, Missouri a native of suburb of St. Louis. The prevailing issues are rich in demonstrating the sociological issues including inequality in terms of wealth and profiling on the basis of race and â€Å"criminalization of Black male youth†.Show MoreRelatedStudy Guide9234 Words   |  37 Pagesfactors that might influence a person’s decision rather than accepting commonsense answers. 2. What is the sociological imagination and how do history and personal biography affect it? If a sociologist studies the challenges experienced by a student earning a college degree, how could the lessons gained be described as â€Å"terrible† as well as â€Å"magnificent†? Sample answer:A sociological imagination provides the ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and society at large, as wellRead MoreI Love Reading Essay69689 Words   |  279 Pagesit is very difï ¬ cult to get bank loans at the start-up stage while becoming comparatively easier at the ï  ¬ ï  ¬ viii Entrepreneurship in India growth stage. Perceptions regarding bank ï ¬ nance have not improved in case of entrepreneurs who started ventures after 2000 and are mainly in knowledge intensive sectors. ï  ¬ 95% of entrepreneurs believe education is a critical success factor. Education is a key trigger to evoke entrepreneurial inclinations. 98% of the entrepreneurs are graduatesRead MoreIntroduction to Rizal Course11998 Words   |  48 PagesManuel influencing him to become athletic (fencing and wrestling). He was able to master the alphabet when he was three (3) years old. At his young age, he showed great interest in reading. He enjoyed reading books in their library at home with his mother as his critic. The young Rizal also showed his flair in sketching, painting, sculpture, and literature. At eight (8) years old, he was able to writ his first poem. This poem entitled by historians as â€Å"Sa Aking Mga Kababata† or â€Å"To My FellowRead MoreCulture of India9032 Words   |  37 Pagesapproach: it concentrates on the wonderous aspects of the culture of India. The focus of this approach of understanding Indian culture is to present the different, the strange and as Hegel put it, a country that has existed for millennia in the imaginations of the Europeans. * Magisterial approach: it assumes a sense of superiority and guardianhood necessary to deal with India, a country that James Mills imperialist history thought of as grotesquely primitive culture. While great many BritishRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesas â€Å"selectively Table 1 Skills of Effective Managers—One Study 1. Verbal communication (including listening) 2. Managing time and stress 3. Managing individual decisions 4. Recognizing, defining, and solving problems 5. Motivating and influencing others 6. Delegating 7. Setting goals and articulating a vision 8. Self-awareness 9. Team building 10. Managing conflict INTRODUCTION 9 Table 2 Critical Management Skills—A Sample of Studies RESULTS Building power and influence CommunicatingRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of workRead MorePractical Guide to Market Research62092 Words   |  249 Pagesdone and it has kept me interested all my life. My first job was with the Dunlop Rubber Company, where I had the title â€Å"Marketing Executive† and where I spent happy days researching markets for the General Rubber Goods Division. I remember, as if yesterday, my very first assignment; I was asked to research the market for dock bay seals. I had no idea what they were and, as a new graduate, was too timid to ask. Furthermore, it was 1969 and there were few text books telling me how I should go aboutRead MoreMetz Film Lan guage a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagesminimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992. To George Blin, Profesor at the Collà ¨ge de France, whithout whom none of these pages would have been started. CONTENTS A Note on the Translation by Bertrand Augst, ix Preface, xi A Note on Terminology, xiii I Phenomenological Approaches to Film Chapter I. On the Impression of Reality in the Cinema, 3 Chapter 2. Notes Toward a Phenomenology of the NarrativeRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesgreater conï ¬â€šict with managers, who often were ï ¬ red when they disagreed with him. As a result, many talented people left Ford to join a growing number of rival car companies. Outside the workplace, Ford went so far as to establish what he called the â€Å"Sociological Department† to check up on how his employees lived and the ways they spent their time. Inspectors from this department visited the homes of employees and investigated their habits and problems. Employees who exhibited behaviors contrary to Ford’sRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesDiversity Management Strategies 56 Attracting, Selecting, Developing, and Retaining Diverse Employees 56 †¢ Diversity in Groups 58 †¢ Effective Diversity Programs 58 Summary and Implications for Managers 60 S A L Self-Assessment Library What’s My Attitude Toward Older People? 40 Myth or Science? â€Å"Dual-Career Couples Divorce Less† 47 An Ethical Choice Religious Tattoos 51 glOBalization! Images of Diversity from Around the Globe 54 Point/Counterpoint Men Have More Mathematical Ability Than Women

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

America After World War One Essay Example For Students

America After World War One Essay During the 1920s, tension arose between a new generation, with liberal and progressive ideas, and a more traditional peer group, who favored conventional values and sentimentalism. This social tension was caused by technological advancements, a revolution in society in the period of and directly following World War I, a revolution of morals and rapid urbanization. The new generation expressed themselves through the music of the times, greater sexual promiscuity, use of technology and advertising, whereas the elder generation manifested intolerance and resistance.World War I is known as the first modern war, because a new kind of warfare was utilized, new technologies were operated, planes fought in combat, and women played a key role in manufacturing and other positions formerly held by men. In the shift from wartime to peacetime, many women were reluctant and rebellious to return to their positions of domesticity, and sought other opportunities. With the passing of the nineteenth amendment in 1920, younger women felt even more liberated, and changed their style of dress, hair and life: skirts became shorter, hair was bobbed, and many women began to smoke. Along with this questioning of traditional values, one can see a steady increase in the divorce rate and a sharp drop in the number of marriages. Religion, in a traditional way of life, was also challenged with new theories such as that of evolution and natural selection, literal interpretation of Scripture, and the incorporation of contemporary trends, such as jazz, into ones image of heaven. During this time, American cities grew larger at an alarming rate; the sources of this growing population were immigrants. These newcomers were a significant part of the disharmony that existed between the old and the new in the 1920s, because they presented diversity to a people who were striving become more provincial and who wanted to preserve Americanism. It was these groups that the Ku Klux Klan fought to restore power to the everyday, not highly cultured, not overly intellectualized, but entirely unspoiled and not de-Americanized, average citizen of the old stock. They yearned for a return to the life that once existed, but was drastically changed through industry, manufacturing, and urbanization. In not being able to accept the fact that agrarianism was falling second to industry, groups of the old stock, such as the Ku Klux Klan, in not accepting any new values augmented the tension that existed through their intolerance and persecution of the liberals. The newer generation, on the other hand, manifested their roar of the twenties by a different way of dress, in listening to jazz and creating new manias such as the Charleston. These liberals also accepted the technology of the times by purchasing cars and were affected by sensationalist advertising for toothpastes, socks, tires, cameras, instantaneous hot-water-heaters. The older generation viewed them as sexually indiscriminate, and this was true because for the first time premarital sex was advocated, birth control (although illegal) was used with the aid of such people as Sanger, and the rate of marriages dropped. The Roaring Twenties were an era in which tension emanated between a new generation, with a broad-minded and revisionist disposition, and a more traditional group, who favored conformism, nostalgia and customary values. This social tension was caused by changes in social status in the period of World War I, technological progression, a revolution of morals and rapid urbanization. The new generation expressed themselves through the music of the times, greater sexual promiscuity, use of technology such as the automobile, and advertising, whereas the older generation of white Anglo-Saxon Protestants manifested narrow-mindedness and hardness.